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Rising War of Words Among Ethiopian Government and Eritrean Government Raises Anxieties of Military Confrontation
Growing apprehensions are present regarding the possibility of military engagement between East African neighbors, the Ethiopian government and Eritrea, as confrontational language has ratcheted up in recent weeks.
What Has Ethiopia Declared?
Landlocked Ethiopia's calls for entry to the sea coast through Eritrea has triggered a heated rhetorical conflict.
PM Abiy Ahmed initially stated publicly in last year that his nation's maritime access was an vital issue, comments that Eritrea ignored.
Relations between the neighboring nations have frequently been strained. Following a decades-long battle for independence, the Eritrean state, which has a extensive Red Sea coastline, formally separated from Ethiopia in the early 1990s, leaving it without sea access.
Five years later, a border war erupted in which over a hundred thousand people were killed.
Latest Comments from Ethiopian Government
Abiy and army chief the army commander have directly stated control of Eritrea's southern port of the port of Assab – some 60 km from the border - and hinted at the intention to capture it through military means.
Recently, the Prime Minister said the country's "mistake" of losing entry to the sea as a because of Eritrea secession would be "rectified tomorrow".
Ethiopia's ambassador to neighboring Kenya, retired Gen Bacha Debele, said that Assab was "belonging to Ethiopia" and would be restored "by force".
Eritrean Answer to the Statements
Amid ongoing warnings from Ethiopia, Eritrea's response has been limited to concise remarks on social media from Information Minister Yemane Gebremeskel.
He has rejected Ethiopia's push for access to the Red Sea calling it "risky" and a "harmful plan" of "irredentism" – a strategy of reclaiming lost territory.
Eritrean authorities cautioned on 16 September that moves to validate "blatant hostility" would have serious consequences for the Ethiopian government and its neighbouring countries and is a "boundary that should not be crossed|violated|breached".
Defense Movements on the Ground
There have been few indications of significant troop deployments in the frontier regions between the both nations.
Nonetheless, in Ethiopia, state television has broadcast training completions of many recruits at various military training camps.
The head of personnel division of the military, Lt Gen Hachalu Sheleme, commented lately in an discussion that the defense forces was in a "reliable position" as "many thousands of young people" were joining it, which he said was "a signal to our enemies".
Historical Background of the Conflict
For decades from the late 19th century, Eritrea was administered by Italian rulers.
After Italy's defeat, it was then administered by the UK forces before turning into a integrated region of Ethiopia.
Yet in 1962 the ruler ended this system and Eritrea became totally absorbed into the Ethiopian state.
A extended civil war followed, concluding with Ethiopia's defeat in 1991. Independence was then confirmed by voters in a referendum in 1993.
Briefly in the 1990s, there were positive ties between the governments in Ethiopia's capital and Asmara, but they fell out over the exact location of their common border, leading to conflict in 1998.
Though this finished in a peace deal in 2000, it was never fully implemented, and the both countries stayed at odds.
This changed in 2018, when the Prime Minister made overtures to Eritrea's leader Isaias Afwerki. The both leaders endorsed a announcement that the war was finished – a action that earned Abiy the Nobel Peace Prize.
The both administrations were then partners in the country's 2020-2022 armed struggle in the northern region.
But relations have later worsened again.
Laurie Jackson
A passionate writer and educator dedicated to helping others find their voice through creative expression and storytelling.
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